Hint: solid, liquid, and gas. These states can change under certain conditions; for instance, a substance can shift from solid to liquid and vice versa. Similarly, transitions between liquid and gas are also possible.
Complete step by step answer:
|
PROPERTY |
SOLID STATE | LIQUID STATE |
GASEOUS STATE |
| 1) Shape | They have definite shape and volume. | They don’t have any definite shape. Fluids achieve the state of the vessel where they are kept. | Gases don’t have any definite shape. |
| 2) Rigidity | Highly rigid | Less rigid as compared to the solids | Not rigid |
| 3) Compressibility | Negligible | Low | Very high |
| 4) Fluidity | Do not flow | Flow from a higher level to a low level. | Flow in all directions |
| 5) Filling a gas container | Do not need a container to contain them | Need a container to contain them.Take the state of the holder wherein they are kept. | Need a container to contain them. Gases fill a container completely. |
| 6) Kinetic energy | Least kinetic energy | Fluids possess more energy than solids, though not as much as gases. | Maximum kinetic energy |
| 7) Density | Highest density | Liquids have a lower density than solids while more than gases. | Lowest density |
(b)
1) Rigidity is the property of matter that describes its resistance to changes in shape.
2) Compressibility is the capacity of a substance to decrease in volume when pressure is applied.
3) Fluidity is the property that enables a substance to flow.
4) Filling a gas container refers to the gas taking on the shape of the container.
5) Shape: It defines a definite boundary.
6) Kinetic energy is the energy a particle has because of its movement.
7) Density is defined as the amount of mass in a given unit of volume.
Note: It’s important to note that while the three common states of matter—solid, liquid, and gas—are typically observed, two additional states, plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate, can appear under extreme conditions.